5.13.1. Features of a design

System of cooling of the engine liquid (with compulsory circulation of liquid), tight, with a broad tank.

System fill with cooling liquid on a basis этиленгликоля (antifreeze), not freezing at ambient temperature to–40 °C.

Fig. 5.10. Arrangement of elements of system of cooling: 1–the water pump (on a photo it is not visible, located under a cover of a drive of the gas-distributing mechanism); 2–thermostat; 3–Parootvodyashchy hose of the thermostat; 4–Parootvodyashchy hose of a radiator; 5–broad tank; 6–a bringing hose of a radiator; 7–radiator electrofans; 8–radiator

The arrangement of elements of system of cooling is shown on fig. 5.10.

Notes The replacement procedure of cooling liquid is described in section 4 "Maintenance". In system of cooling of the engine cooling liquids of production of the ESSEX or Shell companies are applied.

The water pump of centrifugal type provides compulsory circulation of liquid in cooling system, is established in a forward part of the block of cylinders and is brought into rotation by a gear belt of a drive of a camshaft. In the pump the closed bearings which are not needing replenishment of greasing are established. The pump is not subject to repair, at refusal (the leak of liquid or damage of bearings) replace it assembled.

The thermostat with a firm thermosensitive filler maintains normal working temperature of cooling liquid and reduces time of warming up of the engine. At temperature of cooling liquid to 85–89 °C the thermostat is completely closed, liquid circulates on a small contour, passing a radiator that accelerates engine warming up. At temperature of 85-89 °C the thermostat starts to open, and at 99–102 °C opens completely, providing liquid circulation through a radiator.

Electrofans of system of cooling with plastic shestilopastny krylchatka serve for additional обдува a radiator, join and switched off on a signal of the electronic control unit by the engine. And depending on intensity of a thermal mode and an operating mode of the conditioner electrofans can rotate with a small and high speed. Change of a high-speed mode of fans is provided with the control unit the engine by means of connection of additional resistance. Electrofans together with a casing are fixed on a radiator of system of cooling.

Radiator with a horizontal stream of liquid, with a tubular and tape aluminum core and plastic tanks. In tanks bringing and taking-away branch pipes of hoses to a water shirt of the engine and a branch pipe of the hose connecting a radiator to a broad tank are executed.

The broad tank serves for compensation of the changing volume of cooling liquid depending on its temperature. The tank is made of translucent plastic. «MAX» and «MIN» labels are put on its walls for control of level of cooling liquid, the bulk mouth which has been tightly closed by a plastic stopper with the valve, supporting superfluous pressure in system from above is located.

Note Serviceability of valves of a stopper is very important for normal work of system of cooling, but often at emergence of problems (boiling of cooling liquid etc.) motorists pay attention only for operation of the thermostat, forgetting to check valves. The leakage of the final valve leads to decrease in temperature of boiling of cooling liquid, and its jamming in the closed condition — to emergency increase of pressure in system that can cause damage of a radiator and hoses.

The radiator of a heater of salon is included in cooling system by means of hoses.